purchase intent

Attitudes Towards Inclusivity in Advertising: A Twelve Country Study

Steven MillmanGlobal Head of Research & Data Science, Dynata

Steven Millman of Dynata shared key findings from Dynata’s global research on attitudes towards inclusivity in advertising and why that matters. The online survey was conducted across 12 countries (U.S., Canada, U.K., Germany, France, Italy, the Netherlands, Spain, China, Japan, Australia and Brazil) with a representative sample of 18+ adults and a total of 12,043 respondents. The survey examined attitudes and feelings of various minority groups (including LGBTQIA+, women, seniors, people with disabilities). Race was only considered for the U.S. sample, as race couldn’t be asked in certain countries or it was challenging to get sufficient diverse samples by race in non-U.S. countries. Overall, the study found that members of minority groups generally feel somewhat less authentically represented in advertising than do others. With the exception of racial minorities in the U.S., marginalized groups also tend to feel less satisfied by their portrayals in advertising. The presentation also delved into cross-country trends and differences, as well as a deeper dive into the impact of political affiliations and gender on attitudes and purchase intent in the U.S. along issues of inclusivity and diversity. Key takeaways:
  • Across countries, members of minority groups generally feel somewhat less authentically represented in advertising than do others. However, most people do not across the board.
  • Marginalized groups, especially LGBTQ+, are also less likely to be satisfied by their portrayals in advertising. The only exception was underrepresented racial group in the U.S.
  • In general, people think inclusivity in advertising is important, especially among younger groups. However, the exception was seniors, who only ranked portrayals of people over 65 as highly important.
  • Portrayals of equal representation of women and men and people with disabilities ranked the highest in importance across different age demos.
  • Portrayals of the LGBTQIA+ community ranked the lowest in term of importance across all age groups, and the portrayal of LGBTQIA+ was important to less than half of non-LGBTQIA+ respondents.
  • The majority felt that we are going in the right direction in terms of whether things are getting better or worse with respect to inclusivity in advertising. This satisfaction was overall lower in the U.S., similarly between racial and non-racial minorities.
  • In the U.S., Democratic men were much more likely than Republican or Independent men to say that they would be more likely to purchase from inclusive advertisers. There were similar differences among women along party lines, but the gaps were much closer.
  • Among countries, Brazil reported the importance of the portrayals of marginalized groups as the highest.

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2023 Attribution & Analytics Accelerator

The Attribution & Analytics Accelerator returned for its eighth year as the only event focused exclusively on attribution, marketing mix models, in-market testing and the science of marketing performance measurement. The boldest and brightest minds took the stage to share their latest innovations and case studies. Modelers, marketers, researchers and data scientists gathered in NYC to quicken the pace of innovation, fortify the science and galvanize the industry toward best practices and improved solutions. Content is available to event attendees and ARF members.

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Targeting Aids Consumers at Different Stages of their Purchase Journey

  • MSI

Although firms invest much in targeted advertising, little is known about when it is most effective. A new Marketing Science Institute (MSI) working paper now shows that such advertising helps facilitate the purchase journey along different stages. While targeting on social media is found effective for consumers during the early stages of that journey, retargeting is best served for consumers who are closer along the line to making that purchase. Another important finding was that cross-platform targeting does not motivate consumers who are unfamiliar with the product or brand.

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Does Every Second Count?

Kara Manatt (Magna) and Heather O’Shea (Snap) presented research that compared :06 second and :15 second ad lengths across three video platforms – Snap, video aggregators, and full episode players (FEPs) – to determine the optimum ad length for an effective ad strategy.

 

In testing the same :06 and :15 ads for the same four brands, the study factored in the characteristics of each platform – pre-roll/mid-roll, skippable and non-skippable, and device – as it tracked 7,500+ panelists’ viewing behaviors for brand awareness, brand perception, and purchase intent.

Getting LGBTQ+ Representation Right in Advertising

According to the latest U.S. Census, between 8 percent and 12 percent of the U.S. population identify as within the LGBTQ+ community, yet this demographic is represented in just 1 percent of advertising. Kantar asked: Is the advertising industry creating ads that will reach this audience, and how can it do better? Insights into these questions came by conducting research using both explicit and implicit measures. Deepak Varma (Kantar) explained the use of explicit and implicit tools that measure reactions to advertising. Explicit measures track enjoyment (of the ad and the brand, asking questions on inclusion and diversity), while implicit measures track involvement or engagement with the ad (i.e., use of facial coding to measure smiles).

Context Matters

Heather Coghill (WBD) and Daniel Bulgrin (MediaScience) shared methodologies and results from two in-lab studies that sought to understand how impactful category priming can be without brand mention and if viewers associate brands with adjacent unsuitable content.

Their presentation focused on two types of contextual effects within program context—“excitation transfer” and “brand priming”.

Getting LGBTQ+ Representation Right in Advertising

Deepak VarmaHead of Neuroscience Insights, North Asia, South East Asia & Pacific, Kantar

Anna Wilgan VP Product Marketing, Kantar

According to the latest U.S. Census, between 8 percent and 12 percent of the U.S. population identify as within the LGBTQ+ community, yet this demographic is represented in just 1 percent of advertising. Kantar asked: Is the advertising industry creating ads that will reach this audience, and how can it do better? Insights into these questions came by conducting research using both explicit and implicit measures. Deepak Varma (Kantar) explained the use of explicit and implicit tools that measure reactions to advertising. Explicit measures track enjoyment (of the ad and the brand, asking questions on inclusion and diversity), while implicit measures track involvement or engagement with the ad (i.e., use of facial coding to measure smiles). The questions ask whether an ad represents a modern and progressive view of society, and whether the ad have a positive effect on those who are underrepresented in advertising. Using Kantar’s global database, “we found that any positive reactions to these two statements means that the ad is progressive both in terms of race and gender.” Then, using facial coding, in the firm’s database of 55,000 ads, Deepak and team found that ads that are more expressive actually lead to a higher potential of sales success and that for ads “that make you smile, people like those ads more.” Two other reaction-time techniques are intuitive associations: “Instead of asking a question, we flash words for 2.5 seconds so that all a participant has to do is agree that the word corresponds to the act…. We wanted to understand at a spontaneous level, is the ad inclusive/diverse, does it provoke any kind of negative reaction.” Bottom line: “What people say and what they feel, especially in as it pertains to LGBTQ+, is different.” Reactions to a Zola ad showing a lesbian couple getting married, and to an Indeed.com ad about a nonbinary person (played by a real-life nonbinary actor) interviewing for a job, supported the following findings.

Key Takeaways

  • Straight/cisgender respondents’ positive and negative reactions to the ads were within the norms; implicit measures showed greater acceptance than their verbal responses.
  • Not surprisingly, the majority of survey participants who identify as LGBTQ+ (73%), Gen Z (53%) and millennials (46%) say there needs to be more representation for LGBTQ+. But importantly, more than one-third of Gen Z and millennials said they would stop buying brands that don’t support the LGBTQ+ community.
  • Authenticity trumps representation in ads: Just showing underrepresented groups has no impact on an ad’s ability to build brand equity or increase short-term sales. But showing underrepresented groups in a positive way, meaning in progressive, non-stereotyped ways that tell a meaningful, accurate story about, for example, day-to-day life experiences (like getting married and interviewing for a job), can dramatically accelerate both immediate sales lift and long-term brand equity. If you cast a celebrity, make sure they’re true/authentic to their role. This supports previous research (Garretson, 2018) that exposure to positive media portrayals increase acceptance of LBGTQ+ people.
  • In terms of theme, make sure you understand what you’re talking about. Use humor carefully. Empathy, authenticity and having the community as part of the creative process is key. Connect your creative with concrete examples of how your business is supporting LGBTQ+.

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Context Matters

Heather CoghillVP, Audience, Warner Bros. Discovery

Daniel BulgrinDirector, Research Operations & Insights, MediaScience

Heather Coghill (WBD) and Daniel Bulgrin (MediaScience) shared methodologies and results from two in-lab studies that sought to understand how impactful category priming can be without brand mention and if viewers associate brands with adjacent unsuitable content. Their presentation focused on two types of contextual effects within program context—“excitation transfer” and “brand priming”. To see if these effects carried over to ad content through excitement or brand recognition in the content, the research team utilized distraction-free viewing stations that enabled neurometrics and facial coding followed by post-exposure surveys. Impact on brand perception was measured with lifts in brand attitude, attention and memory. Results showed brand priming did change how viewers experienced the ad by lifting brand recognition, with stronger effects in heavier ad loads. The research also concluded that although brands are not harmed by adjacency to perceived unsuitable content, context effects still need to be considered.

Key Takeaways

  • Even moderate category primes can push through effects, despite modest impact, in both linear and CTV. Category priming in streaming with limited ads impacted middle and lower funnel metrics, with 31% of viewers noticing a connection between the ad and the program.
  • Although viewers agreed that low intensity “unsuitable” content was most acceptable for advertisers, there were no adverse effects as intensity levels increased—all levels were deemed suitable for advertisers, with no significant differences in brand recall or purchase intent.
  • More research is required to understand what is unsuitable for brands. The current guidelines are based on what is thought to be unsuitable—not social science.

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How Do Consumers Respond to Gender-based Pricing?

  • MSI

Markets are growing increasingly transparent. While one of the easiest ways to segment customers is by gender, pricing differences based on this factor are becoming more apparent and harder to justify. Women perceive such pricing discrimination for comparable product as unfair. This reduces purchase intent and their liking of and appreciation for the brand, while men tend to rationalize such differences as justified by product attributes (e.g., dry cleaning a “blouse” versus a “dress shirt”).

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Here is When Promotions Work for High-Involvement Products

  • MSI

Promotions should be crafted toward the shopper’s mindset to be most effective and enhance the shopping experience. For routine purchases of low-involvement product categories, shoppers are often in a “deliberative mindset,” and so they respond well to general promotions. Brands in high involvement categories, however, must engage shoppers in an “implemental mindset.” To be effective, promotions must be equally focused and specific.

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