Specialized hardware used to detect or measure data from a unique biological signal, such as heart rate (see “Heart Rate”), PPG (see “PPG/Photoplethysmography”) or skin conductance (see “Galvanic Skin Response (GSR)”) in order to determine an individual’s physiological state. Often used in consumer neuroscience research (see “Consumer Neuroscience”) to measure nonconscious responses to creative stimuli. Also referred to as a “Biosensor.”