Consumer Attitudes

Find the latest and most impactful research on consumer attitudes and behavior, including drivers and trends, here. All the research listed comes from the ARF or one of its subsidiaries: The Journal of Advertising Research (JAR), the Marketing Science Institute (MSI) or the Coalition for Innovative Media Measurement (CIMM). Feel free to bookmark this page, as it will be updated periodically.

Beyond the Spike: Predicting Retail Crises Through Stakeholder Response Patterns

  • ARF

In a media landscape driven by real-time reactions and online amplification, understanding the difference between routine negativity and true brand crises is more critical than ever. This study uncovers empirically grounded stakeholder response patterns across media, social buzz and consumer sentiment that can help retailers distinguish high-risk incidents early—and react with data-driven confidence.

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Cracking the Code of Content Discovery: What Keeps Viewers Watching?

  • ARF
  • Knowledge at Hand | CMO Brief

The streaming landscape has never been more abundant—or more overwhelming. With over 1.7 million shows and movies across global platforms and 1,600+ FAST channels, audiences are inundated with choice. This ARF Knowledge at Hand report explores how fragmentation, option fatigue and algorithmic shortcomings affect content discovery and what media organizations are doing to reduce discovery friction and retain (even grow) engagement.

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Savoring Success: Creative Strategies That Make Food and Beverage Ads Work

  • ARF
  • JOURNAL OF ADVERTISING RESEARCH

Digital marketing’s fast pace allows for unprecedented testing of what drives ad success. This study combines human coding and machine learning across over 2,300 food, beverage and restaurant video ads, to reveal how sensory cues like “crunch sounds” and human interaction can significantly boost brand awareness, consideration and purchase intent—while some commonly used tactics, surprisingly, fall flat.

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Binge-Watching and Advertising: When Streaming Habits Challenge Ad Effectiveness

  • JOURNAL OF ADVERTISING RESEARCH

Binge-watching dramatically reshapes how consumers respond to advertising on video-on-demand platforms. Drawing on psychological reactance theory, this study reveals that binge-watchers perceive ads as more intrusive and irritating, harming platform loyalty and boosting ad avoidance—unless the ad is highly likeable, which can soften negative reactions and protect platform engagement.

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Maximizing Customer Lifetime Value through Subscription Models

  • ARF
  • MSI

This research explores the downstream and upstream effects of consumer-to-consumer (C2C) gift subscriptions compared to personal subscriptions in the context of live streaming. It reveals that C2C subscriptions significantly enhance customer lifetime value by encouraging more tips and comments and highlights the importance of creator performance quality in driving subscription behaviors.

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Enhancing Household Marketing: The Power of Dyad-Exposure Advertising

  • ARF
  • JOURNAL OF ADVERTISING RESEARCH

The household is a crucial unit of consumption that involves joint decision-making. While many studies have focused on individual-level advertising impacts, the interactions among household members have been largely overlooked. This study investigates a dyad-exposure advertising method that targets both spouses as decision-makers in purchasing household products. The findings reveal that dyad exposure significantly increases conversion rates by stimulating intra-couple interaction.

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Mega- and Micro-Influencers Manage Authenticity Differently JAR Study Finds

  • JOURNAL OF ADVERTISING RESEARCH

This study explores how mega- and micro-influencers manage authenticity in their sponsored content based on social network theory, which argues that individuals, groups and organizations are embedded within webs of social relations and interactions that impact their beliefs and actions. It compares their strategies and engagement rates, providing insights into the effectiveness of different influencer types.

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